Publications
mars 29, 2021 - PubMed / Alexandre M M Dias / Romain Douhard / François Hermetet / Mathilde Regimbeau / Tatiana E Lopez / Daniel Gonzalez / Sophie Masson / Guillaume Marcion / Killian Chaumonnot / Burhan Uyanik / Sébastien Z Causse / Aurélie Rieu / Tarik Hadi / Christelle Basset / Johanna Chluba / Jacques Grober / Jean Guzzo / Fabrice Neiers / Pablo Ortega-Deballon / Oleg N Demidov / Frédéric Lirussi / Carmen Garrido
Lactobacillus stress protein GroEL prevents colonic inflammation
Background: We previously showed that supernatants of Lactobacillus biofilms induced an anti-inflammatory response by affecting the secretion of macrophage-derived cytokines, which was abrogated upon immunodepletion of the stress protein GroEL.
Methods: We purified GroEL from L. reuteri and analysed its anti-inflammatory properties in vitro in human macrophages isolated from buffy coats, ex vivo in explants from human biopsies and in vivo in a mouse model of DSS induced intestinal inflammation. As a control, we used GroEL purified (LPS-free) from E. coli.
Results: We found that L. reuteri GroEL (but not E. coli GroEL) inhibited pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages markers, and favored M2-like markers. Consequently, L. reuteri GroEL inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IFNγ) while favouring an anti-inflammatory secretome. In colon tissues from human biopsies, L. reuteri GroEL was also able to decrease markers of inflammation and apoptosis (caspase 3) induced by LPS. In mice, we found that rectal administration of L. reuteri GroEL (but not E. coli GroEL) inhibited all signs of haemorrhagic colitis induced by DSS including intestinal mucosa degradation, rectal bleeding and weight loss. It also decreased intestinal production of inflammatory cytokines (such as IFNγ) while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-13. These effects were suppressed when animals were immunodepleted in macrophages. From a mechanistic point of view, the effect of L. reuteri GroEL seemed to involve TLR4, since it was lost in TRL4-/- mice, and the activation of a non-canonical TLR4 pathway.
Conclusions: L. reuteri GroEL, by affecting macrophage inflammatory features, deserves to be explored as an alternative to probiotics.
Keywords: Colonic inflammation; GroEL; IBD (inflammatory bowel disease); Macrophages; Probiotics.
février 1, 2021 - ISTE Editions / BENOIT CORDELIER ET OLIVIER GALIBERT (DIR.)
Communications numériques en santé
Controverses sur la gestion des crises sanitaires, recherche d’informations sur les symptômes, fausses informations sur les traitements émergents, usage massif d’outils collaboratifs par les professionnels de santé, déploiement d’applications de traçage des malades infectés… La crise de la COVID-19 représente un exemple pertinent de la nécessité de la recherche en communication numérique permettant de comprendre le contexte info-communicationnel en santé actuel.
Après un tour d’horizon des enjeux du numérique en santé, cet ouvrage offre un regard critique sur les limites organisationnelles et professionnelles des usages des TIC pour les malades, leurs aidants et les professionnels du soin. Il analyse les liens entre TIC et éthique du soin (care) où la communication en santé participe d’une prise en charge globale, humaniste et émancipatrice pour les patients et les aidants. Il présente les nouvelles formes numérisées de la médiation des savoirs en santé qui voient, à travers Internet, une mise en concurrence des savoirs experts biomédicaux et des savoirs profanes expérientiels.